odoo:fc241895 found in branch 19.0 +266 -5 ( 6 ) ( 2 ahead , 0 behind )
Subject: [FIX] html_builder, website: remove unnecessary image data in DOM
Author: Serhii Rubanskyi ( <seru@odoo.com> )
Commit date: 2026-05-08 18:07:48

---